Dynamo-electric machine



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/N VEN TOI? i A TTOHNE YS (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. P. SOHEURITZEL 8v J. L. HESS.

DYNAMO ET J-IGIRIG` MACHINE.v

Patented'Deo W/TNESSES l (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. P. SGHEURITZEL 8u J. L. HESS.- DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 443,407. c Patented Deo. 23, 1890.

WIM/ESSE l /N VEA/70H .I g yfm- /d By Wap ATTORNEYS v m: wams penna co., Pam-amm., mamma", uA c.

1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. y

CHARLES FAU L SOHEURITZEL AND JOHN LUDVIG HESS, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK.

DYNAIVlO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,40*?, dated December 23, 1890.

Application filed February 5, 1890. Serial No. 339,370. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known t-hat are, CHARLES PAUL SCHEURITZEL and JOHN LUDWIG HEss, both of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of lNew York, have invented a new and Improved Dynamo Electric Machine, of which the following is a speciiication, reference being had-to the annexed drawings, forming a part thereof, in Which- Figure l is a side elevation of a pair of armature-coils used in our improved dynan1o. Fig. 2 1s an end elevation of the armaturecore with the two coils applied. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line in Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a pair of armature-coils which are linked together. Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the armature-core with a pair of the coils shown in Fig. 4 applied. Fig. kG is a transverse section taken on line y 1/ in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is an end elevation ot' an armature and commutator with one of the coils of the armature in place, showing the connection of the terminals of the coil With the commutator in an open circuit armature. Fig. S is an end elevation of an armature with one coil in place, showing the arrangement of the terminal connections for a closed-circuit machine. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of a pair of armature-coils linked to gether, as shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 10 is an end elevation, partly in section, ot an open -circuit dynamo; and Fig. l1 is a side elevation of the same, partly in section.

Similar letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

The object of our invention is to construct an electric generator and motor which may be operated upon an open or closed circuit plan, in which the armaturecoils may be made separately of uniform lengths and atter- Ward applied to the armature core and connected with thc commutator.

The object of our invention is also to furnish acominutator by which the current may be varied according to requirements, so as to permit of furnishing a variable current of a constant potential.

Our invention consists, in part, in an armature formed of coils of equal length made separately and applied to the armature, so as to overlap each other and form a regular scries around the armature-core.

The invention further consists of a novel arrangement of commutator brushes or. collectors, whereby the current may be given from the coils singly in succession or from tWo or more coils in parallel, all as will be hereinafter more fully described.

The armature core A and iield-magnet B may be of any approved form of construction, as We do not claim these parts, except as they enter into combination with our improved armature-Winding'and our devices for taking off the current. The coils OO', Whichare applied to the armature-core, are Wound separately upon a suitable form, Which (when the coils are used upon a cylindrical core, as in the present case) gives them approximately the shape of an irregular heXagon, with a long side and a short side diagonally opposite each other and approximately parallel.

These coils are applied to the armature-coreA in alternation, the shorter side of one coil being inserted in or passed through the longer side of the adjacent coil, as shown in Figs. l to S, inclusive. This order of the coils is maintained throughout the entire Winding, and in an open-circuit armature the terminals of each coil are brought out upon diametrically opposite sides ofthe armature, as shown in Fig. 7.

In a closed-circuit armature the terminals `of each coil are brought out upon the same side of the armature, as shown in Fig. S. The coils are bent laterally at their ends to carry them around the armature-shaft, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 5, and 6.

lVhcre the coils are arranged as shown in Figs. l and 3, the same coil ext-ends over the coil underneath it at. both ends of the armature;l but Where the coils are Wound one through the other, so as to be linked together in the operation of Winding, as shown in Figs. 4 to 6 and 9, the coil which overlaps at one end of the armature is overlapped by the adjacent coil at the opposite end of the armature, as shown in Fig. 4. Then the coils are thus linked together, the entire series of coils on the armature form an endless chain. ln all other respects the Winding shown in Figs. l to 3, inclusive, and Figs. 4 to 6, inclusive, are alike.

When the armature is t0 be constructed on a closed-circuit principle, the terminals of each coil, which are brought out upon the same side ot the armature, are preferably IOO connected in the following order: To the bars I 2 3 I, ttc., of the com mutator-cylinder Dthe first terminal ot' the first coil is connected with bar l of the commutator-cylinder and the last terminal ot the same coil is connected with bar 2. The first terminal of the second coil is connected with bar ot` the commutator-cylinder and the last terminal with bar 3, and so 011 around the entire circumference ot the armature. In this case there will be as mam7 barsin the commutator as there are coils upon the armature.

In the case of the open-circuit armature the coinmutator D will have twice as many bars as there are coils upon the armature, and the terminals of the respective coils will be connected with diametrically-opposite bars ot' the comniutator-cylinder- In the present case we have numbered the bars of the commutatorcylinder in two series, beginning` at diametrically-opposite points and extending around the cylinder in the same direction. The terminals of the first coil will therefore be connected with the conimutator-bars I l, those of the second coil with the commutator-bars 2, and so on throughout the entire series.

The closed-circuit armature is used in connection `with a field -magnet ot ordinary construction, and the current is taken from the commutator-cylinder by means of commutator-brushes in the usual way.

In the case of the open-circuit armature (shown in Figs. 7, IO, and Il) the current is taken oft by means of plates d a and brushes l) h', which are arranged to touch the ends of the com mutator-bars. The plates a a are held in a fixed position, so as to contact with the ends of the bars of the lower half of the commutator, while the brushes Z1 b are made adjustable, so as to contact with one commutator-bar or any greater number up to onehalf. IVe have shown one mea-ns of supp0rting and adjusting these plates; but we do not limit or confine ourselves to this means.

The frame E is formed of the bar c, supported by standards cl, and a rectangular frame e, attached to the bar c. An adjustable crossbar of insulating material, is notched at its end so as to slide upon the uprights of the frame E, and is connected by a swivel-joint with the adjustable screw g, cxtending through the top of the fraaie. To the bar c are attached the plates a c', and to the barfare clamped the brushes b b by the metallic barf. A conductor 7L is connected with the barf and a conductor h is connected with the bar c.

The field-magnet I3 may be excited by a current taken from its armature or by a current from an outside source, and it may be series or compound wound, as circumstances may require. lVh en the armature is revolved between the poles ot the field-magnet, currents are induced in the conductor of the armature, which are taken ott through the plates or brushes a ct b h. The electro-mo tive torce of the current remains the same,

whether the current is taken from one or two coils or from the entire series ot coils arranged in parallel circuit. The number of coils included in the parallel circuit is governed by the4 position of the brushes h b. When the said brushes are moved downward so as to contact with halt of the series ot connnutator-bars, all of the coils are in parallel and the machine yields the largest current it is capable of generating.

lfVhcn it is desired to usc a large conductor, a coil formed ot' a single wire or bar or cable may be used. We do not coniine ourselves to any particular length of wire upon vthe armature or the number ot' convolutions in cach coil.

It is obvious that our machine is able to furnish a variable current of constant potential. It is therefore peculiarly adapted to incandescent lighting, as the regulation ot' the current may be effected by the movement of the brushes b b', and no energy need be wasted by the introduction ot resistance.

Our machine is adapted to all electrical uses.

Ilaving thus described our invention, wc claim new and desire to secure by Letters Pat-ent* l, In a dynamo-electric machine, an ar mature formed of a cere and a series of coils, cach having the shape of an irregular hexagon, with long and short sides diagonally opposite each other, and with parallel sides et equal length diametrically opposite each other forming the active portions of the coil, the coils alternating in position on the armature-core, as herein shown and described,

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, an armature formed ot' a series of coils wound one through the other so as to bc linked together, forming an endless chain, substantially as specified.

In a dynamo-clectric machine, the conibination, with the commutator-cylinder', of one or more brushes arranged to contact with all of Ithe comm utator-bars upon one side oi' the diametrical line of the commutator-cylinder, and one or more adjustable brushes arranged to contact with one or more ot the comnmtator-bars on the opposite side of thc diametrical line of the com mutatoncylinder, substantially as specified.

et. In a dynamo-electri`c machine, the conlbination of an armature provided with a commutator having one bar for each terminal of each armature-coil, a frame provided wit-h fixed collector-plates, an adjustable bar guided by the frame and carrying brushes, and an ad j listing-screw for changing the position ot' the movable brushes, substantially as specified.

CHARLES PAUL SCHH IRIIZICL.

JOHN LUDIVIG NESS.

Witnesses:

JAMES L. MADIGAN,

JOHN F. OBRIEN.

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